UKiset语法教材:由-ever构成的连接代词用法总结

2020-06-08 17:05 33435次浏览
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  UKiset考试是专门为9岁半到18岁以母语非英语的海外学生而设的英国私立学校入学考试,主张通过一个考试成绩来报考多家英国私立学校。今天小编继续讲解由-ever构成的连接代词以及关系代词的用法总结如下:

  一、由-ever构成的连接代词的用法总结如下:

  1)who(m),what,which都可以和-ever构成连接代词,也有人称代词作连词,可在句中引导状语从句,表示“不管......”

  Whicheveryou buy,there is a six-month guarantee.

  不管买哪一个都有六个月的保质期。

  It takes three hours,whicheverroute you take.

  不论走哪条路都要三个小时。

  We shall never leave you,whateverbefalls.

  不管发生什么,我们永远也不会离开你。

  I’ll find the person who did this,whoeverhe is.

  我将找出做这事的人,不管他是谁。

  Whoeverelse may object,I mean to do it.

  不管还有谁反对,我都将这样做。

  Whoeverrings,tell him I’m out.

  不管谁打来电话,都说我不在家。

  Whateverhappens,I’m going.

  不管发生什么事,我都要走。

  I’ll post that letterwhateverPeter says.

  不管彼得怎么说,我都要把那封信寄出去。

  British foreign policy remains the same,whicheverparty is in power.

  不管哪个政dang执政,英国的外交政策都保持一致。

UKiset语法教材:由-ever构成的连接代词用法总结

  英国

  2)这类代词还可引导名词性从句,表示“任何......的人或物”,在句中可充当一下成分

  ① 主语

  WhateverI have is at your service.

  我所有的东西随便你使用。

  Whoevergets the job will have a lot of work to do.

  不管谁得到那份工作都会有很多事情要做。

  Whoeverbreaks this law deserves a fine.

  违反本法者应予以罚款。

  惩罚

  ② 宾语

  I am ready to dowhateveryou ask.

  我唯阁下之名是从。

  Please help yourself towhateveryou want.

  尽请随意。

  I don’t carewhateveryou did before as long as you love me.

  只要你爱我,我不在乎你之前做过什么。

  爱

  ③ 介词宾语

  I want to speak towhoeveris in charge.

  我想和负责人谈谈。

  Talk to me aboutwhateveris happening recently.

  跟我谈谈最近发生的事。

  聊天

  以上是由-ever构成的连接代词的用法总结,大家一定要经常识记这些使用法则,达到熟练应用。

  二、关系代词

  1.关系代词的概念及形式作用

  引导定语从句的代词叫做关系代词。关系代词把定语从句和它所修饰的名词或代词(叫做先行词)连接起来,因此它总是位于从句之首(有时前面有介词)。关系代词的选用首先取决于先行词的性质,即先行词是人称的,还是非人称的,也即表人的还是表物的。最后,关系代词与定语从句的性质(限制性或非限制性)也有关。

  关系代词是用来引导定语从句的。这类代词都起着三重作用:一是代表前面的名词,二是把从句和它所修饰的词连接起来,三是在从句中也担任一个成分,

  例:

  I met someone who said he knew you. 我碰到一个人,他说他认识你。

  (who代表someone,又引导从句修饰它,同时又在从句中担任主语)

  The noisethathe made woke everybody up.

  他弄出的声音把大家都吵醒了。

  (that代表noise,又引导从句修饰它,又在从句中担任made的宾语)

  I saw something in the paperwhichmight interest you.

  我在报纸上看到一点消息,你可能会感兴趣。

  (which代表something,又引导从句修饰它,又在从句中担任主语)

  这种代词起关联作用,把引导的从句和所修饰的词连接起来,因此称作关系代词。它们引导的从句称为关系从句,也称定语从句。

  2.关系代词的用法

  (一)who,whom和whose的用法

  1)who代表人,在从句中作主语

  Hewhoknows most speaks least.

  懂得多的说得少。

  The girlwhospeaks is my best friend.

  讲话的女孩是我最好的朋友。

  He has not lost allwhohas one card left.

  手里还有一张牌就没有全输。

  扑克牌

  2)whom也代表人,但在从句中作动词宾语或介词宾语

  The manwhomI saw told me to come back today.

  我见到的那个人让我今天再来。

  The girlswhomhe employs are always complaining about their pay.

  他雇佣的那些女孩们总是抱怨工资太低。

  They interviewed thirty people ofwhomfive were possible.

  他们对三十人进行了面试,其中有五人符合候选条件。

  在口语中whom常可用who代替,也可以省略:

  The man (who) I saw told me to wait.

  我看见的那个人让我等他一会。

  The girl (who/whom) I spoke to was from Australia.

  跟我讲话的那个女孩来自澳大利亚。

  澳大利亚

  但紧跟介词时只能用whom:

  The man withwhomI argued with was my colleague.

  和我争论的那个人是我同事。

  The man from whom I bought the machine told me to read the instructions.

  卖给我机器的人让我看一看说明书。

  3)whose表示“某人或某物的”,在从句中作定语

  That’s the boywhosemother is an actress.

  这就是那个男孩,他的母亲是一位演员。

  A critic is a manwhosewatch is five minutes ahead of other people’s watches.

  批评家就是手表比别人的快五分钟的人。

  He is still a salvewhoselimbs alone are freed.

  仅仅手脚获得自由的人,仍然是个奴隶。

  He film is about a spywhosewife betrays him.

  这部电影讲述的是一个间谍被妻子出卖的故事。

  有时可指无生命的东西:

  He rented a housewhose windows were all new-made.

  他租了一所房子,窗户都是新装的。

  He showed me a machinewhoseparts are too small to be seen.

  他给我展示了一台机器,它的部件都小的无法看到。

  I saw a filmwhosename I have forgotten.

  我看了一部电影,名字我忘记了。

  (二)that和which的用法

  1)that可以指人,也可以指物

  ① Hethatwould eat the fruit must climb the tree.

  (谚)不劳无获

  Hethatis full of himself is very empty.

  自满者最空虚。

  The manthatI spoke to told me to phone him later.

  和我通话的人让我随后给他打电话。

  ② It is the intentionthatmakes an action good or bad.

  动机决定行为的好坏。

  The stairsthatlead to the cellar are rather slippery.

  通往地窖的楼梯相当滑。

  All the applesthatfall are eaten by wild boars.

  落在地上的苹果都被野猪吃了。

  苹果

  在从句中作宾语时,that常可以省略:

  There are lots of things (that) I need to buy before the trip.

  去旅行之前我需要买很多东西。

  Who is the man (that) you were talking to ?

  刚才你在和谁说话?

  2)which只能代表事物或动物,在从句中可充当以下成分

  ① 主语

  Don’t receive a taskwhichis beyond your ability.

  不要接受远远超出个人能力的任务。

  Truth is a fruitwhichshould not be picked until it is quite ripe.

  真理是一枚果实,应该到成熟时再采摘。

  Friendship is a plantwhichmust be often watered.

  友谊之树要常浇灌。

  友谊

  ② 动词宾语

  His mind was full of ideaswhichhe wanted to share.

  他脑中充满了各种想法要和别人分享。

  These are the conditionswhichwe have to accept.

  这些条件,我们不得不接受。

  ③ 介词宾语

  Courage is the ladder onwhichall the other virtues mount.

  勇气是其他美德攀登的梯子。

  That’s the formalitywhich / thatwe have to go through.

  这是我们必须履行的手续。

  The ladderwhich / thatI was standing on began to slip.

  我站得梯子开始滑动。

  在作动词宾语或介词宾语时,which(that)常可省略:

  This is the book (which / that) you wanted.

  这是你要的书。

  These are the difficulties (which / that) we got into.

  这些就是我们碰到的困难。

  Don’t expect people to do things (which / that) you would not do yourself.

  己所不欲,勿施于人。

  在紧跟介词时,只能用which,不能用that,而且不能省略:

  Defeat is a school inwhichtruth always grows strong.

  失败是一所学校,真理总在那里成长壮大。

  The situation inwhichhe found himself was very difficult.

  他的处境非常苦难。

  在口语中,介词和它的宾语分开,可以省略that / which:

  The situation (that / which) he found himself in was very difficult.

  以上就是小编为大家整理的关于由-ever构成的连接代词以及关系代词的用法,希望对大家有所帮助。更多UKiset考试题目、UKiset考试成绩单等问题可以咨询我们。



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