外刊中的雅思作文话题:谈日本医学院性别歧视

2018-09-04 17:58 1707508次浏览
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  今天课窝网分享的雅思作文话题与最近的医学院压低女学生分数有些许关系。我们先来看看经济学人上对于此事的报道和评论。

  标题为 Heading & Subheading

  Toxic test-doctoring:A medical-school scandal shows how the show is rigged against women

外刊中的雅思作文话题:谈日本医学院性别歧视

  rig v.暗箱操作

  Para 1: JAPAN has made a lot of noise in recent years about demolishing the traditional view that women should stay at home while men go out to work. So it was shocking when, on August 7th, Tokyo Medical University, a prestigious medical school, confessed to marking down the test scores of female applicants to keep the ratio of women in each class below 30%. This systematic manipulation, university officials admitted, had gone on since 2006.

  make a lot of noise 放出风声

  demolish v. 驳倒 theory, belief 等

  prestigious adj. 著名的 = famous

  mark down 压分

  manipulation n. 操纵

  Para 2: Their defence was that women are more likely to drop out to marry and have children. To judge female applicants to medical school purely on their merits would leave Japan with a shortage of doctors, they said.

  Drop out 辍学

  leave Japan with shortage of doctors 使得日本缺失医生

  Para 3: The admission has caused outrage. But it is probably just the tip of the iceberg, says Yumiko Murakami of the OECD. The government says it will investigate every medical school in the country.

  outrage n. 愤慨

  It is just the tip of the iceberg 只是冰山一角

  Para 4: Doctoring has long been a male bastion. But it is not the only one. Japanese companies routinely favour male candidates when they recruit university students, says Ms Murakami. Discrimination is rife in banks and trading houses, where stamina and loyalty, qualities somehow associated with men, are prized, says Mari Miura, a political scientist at Sophia University. She recalls a job-recruiter breezily admitting to dropping English as a requirement for new entrants so as to weed out female candidates, who tended to have better linguistic confidence and skills.

  Doctoring has long been a male bastion

  Has long been 一直以来都是

  Bastion n. 堡垒

  Japanese companies routinely favour male candidates when they recruit university students日本公司常规都倾向于男性应聘者当他们招收大学毕业生的时候。

  routinely adv. 例行地

  favor v. 亲耐,喜爱

  recruit v. 招聘

  Para 5: Employers discriminate against women because they are likely to drop out; but they drop out partly because they are so poorly treated. Workplaces are seldom family-friendly. Hours are long and not nearly flexible enough for women who are pregnant or raising children. A former nurse at a Tokyo hospital says she quit after being told she would get no concessions for being pregnant. The head nurse said that given the uncertainty about the outcome of early pregnancy anyway, she should maintain her workload. A woman at a private kindergarten was reprimanded for getting pregnant out of turn—the director had laid down “shifts” for when workers could have children.

  sb. is poorly treated 某人受到的待遇不好

  Reprimand v. 指责

  Out of turn 没按顺序来

  Para 6: All this embarrasses a government that has promised to make women “shine”, its condescending catchphrase for female empowerment. The policy seems based on the need for more workers rather than on genuine concern for women. Shinzo Abe, the prime minister, says he wants to bring millions more women into the workforce to make up for a labour shortfall caused by its ageing and declining population. Japan’s working-age population is projected to shrink from 77m in 2015 to 48m by 2060.

  embarrass v. 使尴尬

  catchphrase 流行语

  condescending 屈尊的态度

  Female empowerment 妇女授权

  All this embarrasses a government that has promised to make women “shine”, its condescending catchphrase for female empowerment. 所有这些都是使得政府丢脸,政府曾经承诺要让女性“闪耀”,一个给与女性权利的屈尊的态度的流行词。

  The policy seems based on the need for more workers rather than on genuine concern for women. 政策是因为需要更多劳动力,而不是真心为了女权。

  Para 7: Yet in relative terms the country seems to be going backwards. The World Economic Forum’s latest gender-gap index ranks Japan in 114th place out of 144 nations, a slide of 23 places from a decade ago. The proportion of Japanese doctors who are women is less than half the OECD aver- age of 46%.

  in relative terms 相对而言

  go backwards 倒退

  Para 8: More female role models would help, says Ms Murakami. Yet in the field where Mr Abe has indisputable sway, that of politics, the record under his premiership is lamentable. Just a tenth of MPs in the lower house are women, putting Japan in 158th place out of 193 countries. Just two members of Mr Abe’s 20-strong cabinet are women, including Seiko Noda, in charge of women’s empowerment. Ms Noda, who makes little secret of her ambition to dethrone Mr Abe in a leadership contest next month, has just published a book called “Grab the Future”, her manifesto for pulling Japan into line with “global standards”. She has almost no chance of winning.

  sway n. 势力,影响力

  lamentable adj. 可悲的

  the record under his premiership is lamentable 他任首相以来的政绩是可悲的

  dethrone v. 废黜

  manifesto 宣言

  女权话题渗透到雅思写作中,考题

  Some people agree that all kinds of jobs should be equally open to men and women. Others think that some jobs should only be suitable for men and women respectively. Discuss both views and give your opinion.

  有工作只适合男性或者女性吗?

  题目中的only是极端词,大多数情况下,我们否认极端性!

  所需表达

  职业:occupation

  工作有着性别倾向性:certain jobs are gender specific

  相等的:equal = equitable

  公平的: fairness = equality

  女性瘦弱的体型:female’s weaker physique

  刻板的自我认知:stereotypedmale self-perception

  思路提纲如下

  总观点(论点)工作应当平等向两种性别工作者开放。

  让步:certain jobs are only suitable for men or women

  分论点:some jobs aregender specific (有性别倾向性的)

  举例:kindergarten teacher, soldiers

  反驳:否定极端性only

  举例:male nurse in nursery, female soldiers in many countries

  立论:all the occupations should beequally opened to both genders

  原因1:it is a manifestation (表现) of equality

  原因2:男女都可以胜任任何工作

  对比于过去,现代女性可以胜任所有工作,原先受体力限制的工作,现在被科技产品所取代。

  Compared with the past, women in modern society can do just as well, if not better, in virtually all kinds of work,as the development of technology. Tasks requiring physical strength can now be done by machines, so female’s weaker physique (体型) is not an issue here

  同样,男性也可以胜任传统上女性主导的工作

  There is no such a job that only a woman can do. What dissuades men from taking certain jobs is oftenstereotypedmale self-perception (刻板的自我认), which deems certain professions asbelow their dignity (降低尊严).

  以上就是小编为大家分享的关于外刊中何如学习写作的分享,大家平时也要多多积累哦。更多雅思官网、雅思词汇书推荐等问题,可以咨询我们。

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