SAT考试必备核心语法之语义规则，附试题讲解

　　SAT语法考试是在一篇文章里挖掘一些考点进行测试的，因此不免还会遇到一些考查单词意思的题目。以下就是小编为大家带来的SAT考试必备核心语法之语义规则，希望对各位的备考有所帮助。一些常用的近义词要搞清楚，尤其是在意思上细微的差距。

　　例题1

　　As fun as it is to have company, my best huntshave beensolitudetrips.

　　A. NO CHANGE

　　B. solitarily

　　C. solitaire

　　D. solo

　　解析1

　　B是副词不可以用来修饰名词

　　AC确实是表示单独的，但是不好

　　D中solo trip用来表示搭配单程

　　因此D

　　例题2

　　Forten’s knowledge of ships, gained from hisexperiences as a sailor during the war, paid off. Heroseto theposition of foreman, and in 1798. Forten bought the sailmaker’s business.

　　A. NO CHANGE

　　B. had arose

　　C. had rose

　　D. raised

　　解析2

　　BC时态错误，整个句子都是一般过去时态，句子中没有任何语言标志的词可以表达完成时态。

　　AD在意思上差距还是很大的，只是拼写类似。

　　因此A

　　除了动词之外，我们还应该关注的是动词相关的变化，如过去式和过去分词。此外我们还需要关注一些形容词和副词的辨析。

　　本节练习

　　Uncovered at Johnson’s Shut-Ins

　　In Reynolds County, Missouri, aone-billion-gallon blast of [1]water caused bya breach of the TaumSaunk reservoir roared down Proffit Mountain into the east fork of the BlackRiver on December 14, 2005. [2]Theyripped a channel through Johnson’sShut-Ins, one of Missouri’s most popular state parks. Though flood damagemarred the [3]parks beauty for a time, the scar the raging water left inits wake [4]specificallyrevealed over a billion years’ worth of Earth’sgeologic history.

　　The area known today as Johnson’s Shut-Ins StatePark [5]had began to develop1.5 billion years [6]ago. Whenthevolcanoes that created the St. Francois Mountains exploded. Slow-moving magma[7]cooled down its temperatureand crystallized to [8]formsilica-rich rhyoliterock. Over time sedimentary rock such as limestone andshale, formed from material deposited by shallow inland seas, buried therhyolite. After the seas had receded, gravel-rich rivers and streams eventuallychipped away the soft sedimentary rock in some areas, exposing the erosion-resistantrhyolite rock and creating pockets and pits. In low places, the Black River wasconfined ([9]or ”shut in”) by the [10]rhyolite and creatingthenatural waterslides and canyon-like gorges that have become a summer playgroundfor thousands of visitors.

　　Although the flood left the shut-ins unscathed,the surge of water that tore through the park in 2005 stripped away all trees,soil, and sedimentary rock [11]in itspath. Left behind is a channelthat is composed of granite –and previously unexposed rhyolite rock- and [12]containrocks from at least three other geological eras. The menacing floodwaters alsorevealed a half-billion-year-old beach made of both sand and gravel.

　　Five years of work has restored most of thepark surrounding the shut-ins. [13]Somehave returned [14]back.Geologists from around the world visit to get a close look at the ancientvolcanic rock along what has been named the “Scour Channel”. The “ScourChannel” now rivals the park’s other geologic curiosities for most frequentlyvisited site.

　　1. A. NO CHANGE

　　B. water caused by,

　　C. water caused, by

　　D. water, caused by

　　2. A. NO CHANGE

　　B. That they

　　C. With

　　D. It

　　3. A. NO CHANGE

　　B. park’s beauty for a time,

　　C. parks’ beauty for a time,

　　D. park’s beauty for a time

　　4. A. NO CHANGE

　　B. ultimately

　　C. instead

　　D. thus

　　5. A. NO CHANGE

　　B. begun developing

　　C. began to develop

　　D. begun to develop

　　6. A. NO CHANGE

　　B. ago; when

　　C. ago when

　　D. ago

　　7. A. NO CHANGE

　　B. cooled down to a lower temperature

　　C. lowered its temperature to cool

　　D. cooled

　　8. A. NO CHANGE

　　B. form silica-rich, rhyolite,

　　C. form silica-rich rhyolite,

　　D. form, silica-rich rhyolite

　　9. The writer is considering deleting theunderlined portion. Should the underlined portion be kept or deleted?

　　A. Kept, because it describes how people feelwhen they visit the park.

　　B. Kept, because it suggests the inspirationfor the park’s name.

　　C. Deleted, because it makes an informalobservation that is not consistent with the essay’s tone.

　　D. Deleted, because it interrupts thesentence’s description of the Black River.

　　10. A. NO CHANGE

　　B. rhyolite; creating

　　C. rhyolite, creating

　　D. rhyolite, created

　　11. A. NO CHANGE

　　B. on their

　　C. in their

　　D. on its

　　12. A. NO CHANGE

　　B. have contained

　　C. are containing

　　D. contains

　　13. A. NO CHANGE

　　B. Those who are nuts about the outdoors

　　C. Swimmer, hiker, and campers

　　D. All types of outdoorsy people

　　14. A. NO CHANGE

　　B. by coming back to the park.

　　C. to revisit the park.

　　D. Delete the underlined portion and end thesentence with a period.

　　答案

　　1.考查句子结构

　　B、C、D中caused by a breach of theTaum Sauk reservoir是修饰主语的，要么两端都加上逗号成为插入语要不就不能加标点。因此A

　　2.考查指代

　　F、G前文的莪术是a blast of water是单数名词，不能用复数的代词指代，H选项只能在从句中指代。因此J

　　3.考查所有格

　　D选项主句和从句之间没有标点隔开，A没有所有格两个名词连续使用，C选项前面已经说了是one of parks因此复数所有格错误。因此B

　　4.考查句子意思

　　F选项表示特别地，不符合句意；G选项可以；H选项instead的意思是通过though表达出来的；J选项是递进关系。因此G

　　5.考查时态

　　A没有表示过去完成时态的标志、B、D都是过去分词而不是过去式。因此C

　　6.考查句子结构

　　F后句不，G后句不完整J，修饰时间状语的句子缺乏一个连接的词。因此H

　　7.考查句子简洁

　　A、B、C都说下降温度，cool包含了这个意思。因此D

　　8.考查标点

　　J动词和宾语之间的标点影响句子连续性，G、H形容词修饰名词不需要逗号间隔。因此F

　　9.考查句子意思

　　这个shut in起到一个辅助说明的作用，应该得到表明C、D。A、B都没有错A确实和人们的感受B确实和名字相关B与文章联系更加紧密。因此B

　　10.考查句子结构

　　F中creating不能做谓语动词G分号重置句子后面补完整H现在分词修饰J过去分词修饰，主动被动关系不对。因此H

　　11.考查指代

　　B、C指代的内容应该是park是单数名词，D介词错误。因此A

　　12.考查句子结构

　　破折号里面是插入语可以不用看，contain的主语是channel，因此F、G、H主谓不一致，错误。因此J

　　13.考查指代

　　A指代不明确B中those指代不明确D回来的是人而不是types因此C

　　14.考查句子简洁

　　F和return意思重复G同F错误Hreturn有revisit的意思。因此J

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