AEIS英语基础语法考点:否定句

2021-03-04 14:51 1428次浏览
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  一些考生认为AEIS考试难点在于繁琐的语法。我们往往局限于死记硬背一堆语法规则,有时虽然知道“怎么”做题,但却未必清楚为什么这样做题。

  事实上,语法灵活的语言思维。我们为什么要学习语法?首先是为了读懂句子,其次是为了创造句子,而创造句子的 过程恰恰又能帮助我们进一步加强语法知识的学习。

  否定句

  我们中文里否定形式是在谓语前加“不”,比如“他不是老师”,“我不知道她是哪儿人。”

  那么英语里否定句又有什么和汉语不同的特点呢?

  1. 一般说来,英语里用“not”构成否定,但又不是简单的在谓语前加“not”,具体可以分为三种情况:

  1)如果句子中有系动词be或助动词be,have和will,“not”要加在它们后面:

  He is not(isn't) a teacher.

  他不是老师。

  You are not(aren't) allowed to smoke here.

  你不能在这里吸烟。

  They have not(haven't) heard about the good news.

  他们还没有听说这个好消息。

  She has not(hasn't) finished her homework yet.



  她还没有完成作业。

  I will not(won't) go to work today, because I has made an appointment with my dentist.

  我今天不去上班,因为我约了牙医。

  2)如果句子中有情态动词,“not”同样要加在它们后面:

  We needn't go to school on Saturdays.

  我们星期六不用上学。

  The dog can't climb up the tree.

  狗爬不上树。

  You may not take photographs in the museum.

  你不能在博物馆里拍照。

  I may not go to the grocery store today.

  我今天可能不去杂货店。

  She shouldn't have believed him.

  她本不该相信他。

  3)如果谓语动词只有实义动词,没有系动词,助动词和情态动词,要在谓语动词前加do,does或did,在加not来表示否定:

  I like hamburgers, but she doesn't like them.

  我喜欢汉堡包,但她不喜欢。

  The girls don't talk too much in class.

  女孩们上课时说话不多。

  He said he didn't want to get married.

  他说他不想结婚。

  It didn't take him much time to repair the TV set.

  他没花多少时间修理电视机。

  2. 其他否定句形式:

  1)祈使句里,一律在句首加Don't表示否定:

  Don't worry. He is old enough to take care of himself.

  别担心。他已经长大了,可以照顾自己了。

  Don't be rude!

  不要没礼貌!

  Don't look around while taking the exam.

  考试时不要四处张望。

  2)非谓语动词(不定式,分词,动名词)的否定式:直接在它们前面加notHe told me not to draw on the book.

  他叫我不要在书上乱画。

  I'm sorry not to have seen last night's game.

  我很遗憾没看过昨晚的比赛。Not knowing what to do, we will have to wait for help.

  不知道该怎么做,我们只能等待帮助。Not wasting fresh water is a way to protect the nature.

  不浪费淡水是保护自然的一种方式。

  3) no表示否定:需要注意的是:no用在名词前,相当于not+ a +名词/ not + any +名词。

  No one agreed with the plan.

  没有人同意这个计划。

  There is no yogurt left in the fridge.

  冰箱里没有酸奶了。

  4)某些否定副词或代词:seldom; never; hardly; rarely; little; few; none; neither等在句中构成否定句:He never cares about what others think of him.

  他从在意别人对他的看法。

  Never give up!

  永不放弃!

  He seldom leaves his aprtment.

  他很少出门。

  We know little about our new neighbour.

  我们对新邻居知之甚少。

  She had hardly finished her dinner when he was at the door.

  她刚吃完晚饭,他就到门口了。

  None of us will have time to go to the concert.

  我们都没有时间去听音乐会。

  seldom; never; hardly; rarely; little等做状语在句首,句子用倒装句形式

  Never shall I part from you.

  我永远不会离开你。

  Seldom does he leave his apartment.

  他很少出门。

  Little do we know about our new neighbour.

  我们对我们的新邻居知之甚少。

  Hardly had she finished her dinner when he was at the door.

  她刚吃完晚饭,他就到门口了。

  5) used to的否定形式有两种:

  I didn’t use to cook myself.I usedn’t to jog in the morning.

  6)部分否定:

  对于部分否定,我们不要理解错了,和完全否定意思不同:注意部分否定的结构:Not all…=All…not… 不是所有(人,物) none 所有人或物都不。Not both…=Both…not… 不是两者都 neither 两者都不 Not every…=Every…not… 不是每个都 All is not gold that glitters. 闪光的未必都是金子。

  Not everyone likes this film.

  不是每个人都喜欢这部电影。

  以上就是小编为大家整理的关于AEIS英语阅读考试否定句讲解,希望对大家有所帮助。更多AEIS考试培训数学题、AEIS必背单词等问题可以咨询我们。


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