PTE写作SWT题型讲解

　　PTE写作主要考察两个任务，SWT和Essay。SWT全称Summarize Written Text，即总结文本主旨，根据评分要求，该题型难点在于一句话概括文本主要内容，字数区间5-75。

　　换言之，个人答案若要符合规范，除了一句话概述时所涉及的句子写作功底，也需要把握段落关键信息。十分钟内既要浏览文章还要对选取的信息排列组合成句，时间上具有较大的挑战性。

　　因此，快速精确地搜索出key points对于该题型的破解至关重要，这其中文本信号词的识别是最大的突破口。

　　在所有可行的关键词中，黄金信号词非强转折莫属，文内一旦出现however, but这类最直接的转折词，差不多可以直接照抄了。

　　例如OG例文

　　‘Why are the citizens of some nations rich while the inhabitants of others are poor? It is surely true that ample endowments of energy, timber, and fertile land all help raise wealth. However it turns out that natural resources are only a very small part of the answer. Far more important in determining the wealth of the citizenry are the fundamental political and legal institutions of a nation…’

　　首句往往提示读者文本方向，该篇大概主旨方向探讨国家间贫富差异的原因，设问句形式起头，说明下文自问自答，energy, timber and fertile land这些自然资源导致了贫富差距，然而下一句紧接着however，出现了否定，‘natural resources are only a very small part of the answer’，更重要的其实是下句的institutions国家制度，到此前后内容已经可以先串句备用compared with natural resources, the fundamental political and legal institutions of a nation are far more important in determining the wealth of the citizenry， 这部分内容所包含的关键信息已经占了content一半的分值。

　　再来看下机经里的skipping breakfast篇

　　Skipping breakfast seems a simple way of losing weight or saving time while getting the children ready for school or rushing off to work. But it can also be a sign of an unhealthy lifestyle with potential dangerous consequences, including a higher risk of premature death...

　　开头首句很容易迷惑考生，以为略过早餐是可取的，但第二句but的出现，说明文章基调消极，skipping breakfast其实是a sign of an unhealthy lifestyle，接下去文本就围绕该主旨具体介绍弊端。

　　除了however这些，表让步的词汇也直接提示踩分点所在，最高频的although，despite，while等。

　　例如Plus上第一篇SWT：

　　By far the most popular and most consumed drink in the world is water, but it may come as no surprise that the second most popular beverage is tea. Although tea was originally grown in certain parts of Asia-in countries such as China, Burma and India—it is now a key export product in more than 50 countries around the globe…

　　首句but提示全文核心探讨tea而不是water,下一句出现although让步状语从句，阅读时可以直接跳过前半句，主句才是关键信息，it is now a key export product踩分点之一。

　　SWT文本阅读环节同样追求快和准，因此提高信号词的敏感度是平时训练的侧重点，尤其是黄金信号词表转折让步的一类，提示考生重点信息的截取。

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