托福阅读：句子简化题解题方法

　　托福阅读中有一个非常典型的题型：句子简化题。小编一直都非常重视这个题型，因为句子简化题可以从2个方面去提升学生的能力：第一个是语法，第二个是逻辑。所以，基础弱的一点学生完全可以充分利用这个题型，把自己的语法基础打牢，同时训练自己的逻辑思维，为后面读全篇文章以及做题打下坚实的基础。

　　既然句子简化题如此重要，我们应该如何做好句子简化题呢?

　　今天小编先给大家讲第一个思路：找逻辑以及逻辑前后的核心信息。

　　常见逻辑有：

　　因果逻辑：because, because of, since, for, as, due to, result from, result in, so……that, by

　　转折逻辑: but, though, although, while, even while, even though,whereas

　　条件逻辑：if, unless, when, as long as

　　并列逻辑：and, or, not only……but also, as well as

　　比较逻辑：对哪个方面进行对比：大小，时间，地点，高低，温度……

　　直接用题目来解释：

　　The extreme seriousness of desertification results from the vast areas of land and the tremendous numbers of people affected, as well as from the great difficulty of reversing or even slowing the process. Once the soil has been removed by erosion, only the passage of centuries or millennia will enable new soil to form. In areas where considerable soil still remains, though, a rigorously enforced program of land protection and cover-crop planting may make it possible to reverse the present deterioration of the surface.

　　Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage?

　　Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.

　　○Desertification is a significant problem because it is so hard to reverse and affects large areas of land and great numbers of people.

　　○Slowing down the process of desertification is difficult because of population growth that has spread over large areas of land.

　　○The spread of deserts is considered a very serious problem that can be solved only if large numbers of people in various countries are involved in the effort.

　　○Desertification is extremely hard to reverse unless the population is reduced in the vast areas affected.

　　第一步：找逻辑，有2个：

　　因果：result from

　　并列：as well as

　　第二步：来看逻辑前后的核心信息：

　　结果：沙漠化的严重性

　　原因：1 大片的土地和人被影响

　　2 逆转和减缓很难

　　第三步：看哪个选项与原句的逻辑以及内容最匹配：

　　A 选项：结果：沙漠化是个严重的问题

　　原因：1 很难逆转 2 影响了大片的土地和人

　　和原文完全匹配，所以选A。

　　这是做句子简化题一个非常重要的思路：找逻辑以及前后的核心信息。

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