雅思备考读外刊,积累写作素材

2018-09-10 14:05 1692121次浏览
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  之前课窝网为大家推送了一些英文期刊和报纸上的文章,也一再强调了读英语期刊和报纸对提高雅思阅读能力和扩大雅思词汇量的重要性。今天小编就为大家继续分享外刊阅读素材。

  Is it? A recent paper by Nicholas Bloom, Charles Jones and Michael Webb of Stanford University, and John Van Reenen of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, provides relevant evidence. Though striking an agnostic position as to whether humanity has used up all its eureka moments, they nonetheless conclude that new ideas are getting more expensive to find. The authors consider four different case studies, within which they compare research “inputs” (such as the money spent on researchers and lab equipment) and outputs. The number of transistors that can be squeezed onto a microchip has doubled with reassuring regularity for half a century, every two years or so—a phenomen on known as Moore’s Law (after Gordon Moore, a founder of Intel). Yet this success has been achieved by pouring more and more resources into the effort over time. The research productivity of each scientist participating in the battle to cram in transistors has correspondingly tumbled.

雅思备考读外刊,积累写作素材

  果真如此吗?斯坦福大学的尼古拉斯 • 布鲁姆(Nicholas Bloom)、查尔斯 • 琼斯(Charles Jones)和迈克尔 • 韦伯(Michael Webb)以及麻省理工学院的约翰 • 范 • 里宁(JohnVan Reenen)最近在共同发表的一篇论文中给出了相关证据。尽管对于人类是否已经耗尽了所有的顿悟时刻这一点他们表示不得而知,但他们得出结论称获得新想法的代价越来越高。

  几位作者考虑了四个不同的案例,用于比较研究的“投入”(比如花在研究人员和实验室设备上的资金)和产出。半个世纪以来,微芯片上的晶体管数量以每两年翻一番的速度稳定增长,这个现象称为摩尔定律(以英特尔创始人之一戈登 • 摩尔的名字命名),但这种增长得以维持有赖于越来越多的资源被投入其中。而每个参与晶体管密度之战的科学家的研究生产力也相应下降。

  词汇讲解

  strikean agnostic position

  文中释义:表示不得而知

  strike相关讲解

  strike可以表示“摆出某种姿态”(to position one's body in (a pose, for example))。文中这里做引申使用,表示“持某种观点”,相关常见搭配strike a pose/attitude(to stand or sit with your body in a particular position)

  Malcolm struck his usual pose: hands in pockets, shoulders hunched.

  agnostic相关讲解

  agnostic并不是古已有之的词汇表达,而是由赫胥黎(T H Huxley (1825–95))创造出来用以表达自己对于宗教信仰的态度,即“相信无法证实上帝的存在但又不否认上帝存在可能性”。

  赫胥黎大家应该很耳熟,高中课本讲进化论的时候有提到他,他是英国著名博物学家、教育家,达尔文进化论最杰出的代表。

  用法上看agnostic也可以脱离宗教语境,表示“不表明意见的”或者“态度不明朗的” (noncommittal)

  “I favored European unity, but I was agnostic about the form it should take”(Henry A. Kissinger) “我赞成欧洲的统一,但对其所应采取的形式我不发表看法” (亨利•基辛格)

  position相关讲解

  position除了表示“姿态”,也可以表示“看法”或者“观点” (view or opinion held by sb)。

  The candidates had to state their position on unilateral disarmament. 候选人须表明他们对单方面裁军所持的立场.

  She has made her position very clear. 她已明确阐述了自己的观点

  eureka moments

  文中释义:顿悟时刻

  eureka moment表示“顿悟时刻”,有时也被直译成“尤里卡时刻”(a moment at which a person realizes or solves something)。

  eureka来自表示“我找到了!”或者“我搞清楚了!” (I have found (it)) 的希腊语heurēka。源自希腊数学家和发明家阿基米德发现测量不规则固体体积的方法,并以此发现测定金子纯度的方法时的惊呼。

  reassuring

  文中描述“稳定”增长的时候使用了reassuring这个表达,reassuring本表示“安心的”或者“可靠的” (making you feel less worried or frightened)。文中这里的用法可以积累到写作中。

  phenomenon

  文中释义:现象

  与很多词源来自希腊语的英语词汇一样,phenomenon原本是科技术语,表示“可观察到的事物”(PhysicsAn observable event.),后来使用泛化。

  natural, social, historical, etc phenomena 自然的﹑社会的﹑历史的...现象

  An eclipse of the moon is a rare phenomenon. 月蚀是罕见的现象

  Bankruptcy is a common phenomenon in an economic recession. 在经济衰退时破产是常见的现象.

  the phenomenon of their rapid rise to power他们迅速掌权的奇迹

  用法疑难

  phenomenon是这个名词唯一的单数形式

  phenomena是常用的复数形式

  phenomenons在非科技性的文章也可当作复数使用,其意思是 “不寻常的事或人” (extraordinary things,occurrences, or persons)。

  They were phenomenons in the history of music. 他们是音乐史上的杰出人物

  tumble

  tumble表示“下跌” (to drop),尤其“大跌” (if prices or figures tumble, they go down suddenly and by a large amount)。

  Share prices tumbled on the stock-market. 股市上股票价格暴跌

  写作积累

  provides relevant evidence 给出了相关证据

  Though striking an agnostic position as to whether humanity has used up all its eureka moments, they nonetheless conclude that new ideas are getting more expensive to find. 尽管对于人类是否已经耗尽了所有的顿悟时刻这一点他们表示不得而知,但他们得出结论称获得新想法的代价越来越高。

  the authors consider four different case studies 几位作者考虑了四个不同的案例

  The number of transistors that can be squeezed onto a microchip has doubled with reassuring regularity for half a century, every two years or so—a phenomenon known as Moore’s Law (after Gordon Moore, a founder of Intel). Yet this success has been achieved by pouring more and more resources into the effort over time. 半个世纪以来,微芯片上的晶体管数量以每两年翻一番的速度稳定增长,这个现象称为摩尔定律(以英特尔创始人之一戈登?摩尔的名字命名),但这种增长得以维持有赖于越来越多的资源被投入其中。

  The research productivity of each scientist participating in the battle to cram in transistors has correspondingly tumbled. 而每个参与晶体管密度之战的科学家的研究生产力也相应下降。

  以上就是小编为大家介绍的关于外刊中的雅思考试中的作文素材。更多雅思真题汇总下载、雅思写作批改等问题,可以咨询我们。

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