PTE阅读长难句精讲练习（三）

　　在日常PTE阅读备考时，大家可适当进行精读练习，做长难句的语法分析。比较推荐使用双语外刊材料，带有详细讲解的最佳。阅读时，先尝试自己分析长难句，然后再与讲解进行对照，查看自己的分析和讲解的差别。如此慢慢积累，逐渐了解长难句的常见类型和结构。

　　长难句练习：

　　Such variation can no doubt be explained with reference to the habitats in which individual species have developed.For example,vision is obviously more useful to species inhabiting clear open waters than to those living in turbid rivers and flooded plains.

　　重难点词汇

　　1.variation/veəriˈeɪʃən/ˌver-/

　　[countable, uncountable] a difference between similar things, or a change from the usual amount or form of something

　　e.g. There is a great deal of variation among the responses.

　　[countable] something that is done in a way that is different from the way it is usually done

　　e.g.Most of his poems are variations on the theme of love.

　　[countable] one of a set of short pieces of music, each based on the same simple tune

　　e.g.Bach’s Goldberg variations

　　2.habitat/ˈhæbətæt/

　　noun[countable, uncountable]thenaturalhome of a plant or animal

　　e.g. watching monkeys in theirnatural habitat

　　e.g. The grassland is an important habitat for many wild flowers.

　　3.species/ˈspiːʃiːz/

　　noun (plural species) [countable] a group of animals or plants whose members are similar and can breed together to produce young animals or plants → genus(类，[生物]属)

　　e.g. Seven species of birds of prey have been observed.

　　e.g. pandas and other endangered species (=ones that may soon no longer exist)

　　4.turbid/ˈtɜːbɪd/ ˈtɜːr-/

　　adjective (formal) turbid water or liquid is dirty and muddy

　　e.g. In turbid water the depth to which corals grow will be more limited than in clear water.

　　知识点讲解

　　1.词组with reference to的意思是“根据……”“关于……”“参照……”。例如：With reference to your report about improving the performance of cars, I have two questions.（关于你那改善汽车性能的报告，我有两个问题。）该词组相当于词组in reference to。reference的动词是refer，我们常用词组refer to来表示“涉及，谈到，参考”。

　　2.no doubt表示“无疑，确信，想必”。我们常用“There is no doubt that..”这个句型表示“什么东西是毋庸置疑的”。

　　3.“in which individual species have developed”是带介词的定语从句修饰habitats，当介词与引导定语从句的关系代词之间存在介宾关系时，可以将介词置于关系代词前，还原后的顺序为“individual species have developed in habitats”。

　　4.后一个句子是由than引导的比较状语从句，比较的成分分别是species inhabiting clear open waters和those living in turbid rivers and flooded plains（注意比较成分的词性要保持一致）。species和代词those（指代species）后面的现在分词结构inhabiting clear open waters和living in turbid rivers and flooded plains是后置定语，分别修饰species和代词those。本句使用了“A is more useful to B than to C.”的句型，意思是“A对于B来讲比对于C来说更为有用”。

　　例如：

　　I believe it is more useful to encourage children than to punish them.

　　我认为鼓励孩子比惩罚他们更有用。

　　参考翻译

　　参照个体物种生存发展的生长环境，这些变异可以毫无疑问地被解释。例如，视力对生活在清澈宽广的水域的物种而言显然比居住于混沌的河流和洪水泛滥的平原上的物种要更为有用。

　　以上就是小编为大家整理的关于PTE阅读考试长难句练习讲解，希望对大家有所帮助。更多PTE考试官网、PTE报名时间等问题可以咨询我们。