雅思英语语法 | 不可不知的定语从句详解

　　雅思备考中不仅要被听力阅读“虐待”，还有很多细节语法需要学习，这也是理解文章的基础。今天小编继续为大家分享英语语法中的定语从句详解。在分析前，我们先来了解定语从句的概念：定语从句又称关系从句，用来修饰一个名词，代词或者一个句子。

　　关系词的分类：

　　关系代词：that, which , who , whom , whose

　　关系副词：when, where , why, what

　　一

　　I have a book which comes from my father.

　　分析：用来修饰的从句，就是定语从句，从这里我们能看出which comes from my father是用来修饰book的，所以是定语从句，而book就是被修饰的先行词。

　　二

　　Do you know the man who spoke at the meetingjust now?

　　分析：可以通过找关系词的方法去找定语从句，这里关系词是who，而且通过理解句子我们发现who spoke at the meeting just now就是用来形容the man的，所以是定语从句，而the man是被修饰的先行词。

　　三

　　It was ameeting whose importance I did not realized at that time.

　　分析：主句是It was a meeting，意思是“这是一个会议”，是什么样的一种会议呢？就是后面的whose importance I did not realized at that time，即“在那时我没有意识到重要性的会议”，用来形容和修饰会议了，所以是定语从句。我们会发现，定语从句就跟形容词一样，只不过以从句的形式来体现。Whose表示“谁的”，既可以指人的，也可以指物的，所以这里可以用。

　　四

　　He is no longer the man that he used to be.

　　分析：这句话主句是He is no longer the man，即“他不再是这个人了”，什么样的呢？就是后面定语从句的内容，“他之前的样子”。that在定语从句里充当了表语成分，定语从句其实是he used to be that的结构，that是be动词后面的表语。在这里，我们还可以发现that在定语从句里可以指人，这点和which不一样，which只能指物。再者，that在名词性从句里不作成分，这些区别要注意。

　　五

　　I still remember the date when Taylor was born.

　　分析：这句话主句是I still remember the date，即“我仍然记得那个日子”，什么样的日子呢？就是后面的定语从句“when Taylor was born”，when属于关系副词，关系副词还有where，why，它们在定语从句里都不充当成分，这点要注意。

　　分析句子结构

　　1.At that time, young Edward was beginning to feel the desire for knowing something more about the beasts and birds of which he was so fond.

　　分析：定语从句里还有一种小语法，即任意介词+which 等于when或where或why，也就是说介词+which在定语从句里不充当成分。这里of which = where，在这里翻译成“他喜欢的地方”，看成虚拟的地点。这里的of来源于be fond of表示“喜欢”的意思。

　　2. He was born in 1814 and was brought up on his father’s farm, in the hard rough way to which peasant children in France are always accustomed.

　　分析：这句话有两个主句，由and连接，第一个主句是“He was born in 1814”，第二个就是and后面的。第二个主句里嵌入了一个定语从句，“to which peasant children in France are always accustomed”，这里也是介词+which的形式，要能认出来。这个to来源于be accustomed to这个词组，意思表示“习惯于”。

　　3. The weather turned out to be very good, which was more than we could expect.

　　分析：这个定语从句带有逗号，是非限制性定语从句，但非限制性定语从句是用来形容整个前面句子的，也就是没有先行词，被修饰的是前面的“The weather turned out to be very good”，这里需要注意下。

　　4. The foreign guests, most of whom were government officials, were warmly welcomed at the airport.

　　分析：这句话主句是“The foreign guests were warmly welcomed at the airport”，定语从句是“most of whom were government officials”，of是介词，记住介词后面跟which，不跟that，这点要注意。还有就是，根据“介宾”结构，后面要跟宾语，不跟主语，所以用的是whom。

　　5. The famous basketball star who once attracted a lot of attention tried to make a comeback.

　　分析：这句话主句是“The famous basketball star tried to make a comeback”，去划分句子的时候要保证主句和从句里都有一个动词，主句里的动词是tried，从句是“who once attracted a lot of attention”，从句里的动词是attracted。Who引导的定语从句是用来修饰basketball star的。

　　※注意事项

　　任意介词+which等于when或where或why，因此也是定语从句的引导词，要能看出来。

　　介词后面只能跟that，不能跟which，而且which不能指人。

　　以上就是小编带来的雅思英语语法中的定语从句详解。更多雅思考试真题下载、雅思听力技巧等问题，可以咨询我们。