雅思备考读外刊：研究实验室的创新在何处

　　外刊就是一种非常合适积累词汇、写作语料的途径之一，而且外刊有不少文章属于议论文，这与考场英语作文的要求是相契合的。今天课窝网继续和大家分享关于雅思考试中的外刊阅读吧。

　　Put differently, researchers are often like the drunken man searching for his keys under the streetlight, because that is where the light is. Until some pressure is applied to encourage him to look elsewhere, the search will often provefruitless. It is easy to see why firms might take alackadaisicalapproach to some research questions. Disappointing wage growth across advanced economies is adeterrentto the invention and use of labour-saving innovations. Persistently high rates of profit give big firms plenty of money toploughinto fancy research labs, but also suggest that the competitive pressures which might prompt them to exploit the resulting discoveries are weak.

　　换句话说，研究人员往往像在路灯下找钥匙的醉汉--只因那里有光亮。如果不给点压力鼓励他们去别的地方找找看，这样的寻找往往徒劳无功。企业可能对某些研究课题无甚热情，原因不难想见。发达经济体的工资增幅令人失望，阻碍了人们去发明和应用可节省劳动力的创新。持续的高利润率让大公司有大量资金投入到先进的研究实验室里，但也表明它们面临的竞争压力不足，而这种压力原本可能会促使它们充分利用这些实验室的成果。

　　词汇讲解

　　put differently

　　除了in other words, to put it another way, put another way今天还可以积累到put differently表示“换句话说” (otherwise stated)。

　　Father: You're still very young, Tom. To put it another way, you don't have any idea about what you're getting into.

　　John: Could you go back to your own room now, Tom? I have to study. Put another way, get out of here! Tom: Okay, okay. Don't get your bowels in an uproar!

　　Henry: Sure I want to do it, but how much do I get paid? Andrew: In other words, you're just doing it for the money.

　　fruitless

　　文中释义：徒劳无功

　　显然fruitless和fruitful是一组含义相对的表达。二者都常做引申义理解。

　　fruitless相关同义词拓展

　　vain,futile意思都含“无效的”、“无益的”、“无结果的”。

　　vain属常用词, 用来形容不能达到预期目的或产生效果的思想、行为及努力”

　　All his efforts were in vain. 他的一切努力都归无效。

　　futile的含义比vain 更深一层, 表示“不能产生期望的任何结果”, 还带有“很不明智的”意味。

　　Without microscopes and other modern equipment, attempts to teach science were futile. 没有显微镜及其他现代化的设备, 想教授自然科学是不会有成果的。

　　fruitful相关同义词拓展

　　fertile,fruitful, prolific都含“肥沃的”、“多产的”意思。

　　fertile指“能生产或再生产的”, 它用于指土地、植物等时, 意为“肥沃的”、“多产的”,用于指人、头脑等时, 意为“有才智的”

　　fertilesoil 沃土

　　have a fertile imagination 有丰富的想像力

　　fruitful指“促进多产的”,在指土壤时, 可代替fertile, 它也可指结果, 尤其是“好结果”

　　A successful plan is always fruitful. 成功的计划总会产生好结果的。

　　a fruitful experience, day's work, partnership 丰富的经验﹑收获大的一日工作﹑成功的合作关系

　　fruitful areas of research 硕果累累的研究领域

　　prolific意指“快速地再生产的”

　　prolific growth 多产植物

　　a prolific writer 一个多产作家。

　　lackadaisical

　　文中释义：无甚热情

　　词汇拆解：lackaday+ -ical

　　构词成分：词缀 -ical 是词缀-ic的变体。

　　构词成分：lackaday为古语感叹词，可以理解为“悲哉！”，用来表示悔恨或不同意 (used to express regret or deprecation)。它在这里参与构词。

　　a lackadaisical approach to his studies他在学习方面的懒散态度

　　deterrent

　　构词角度来看deterrent是一个很好的例子，让你知道词缀 -ant, -ent 除了构成形容词，也可以用以构成名词。

　　用法角度来看deterrent虽然经常用在nuclear deterrent “核威慑”这种搭配表达中，但要清楚deterrent的含义是“起制止作用的事物或者因素”，把它当成reward的对立面理解就好 (A deterrent is the opposite of a reward. A reward encourages you to do the right thing, while a deterrent discourages you from doing the wrong thing.)。

　　plough

　　这里表示“将（利润）作为资本再投资于原企业中” (re-invest (profits) in the business that produced them)

　　写作积累

　　Put differently,researchers are often like the drunken man searching for his keys under the streetlight, because that is where the light is. 换句话说，研究人员往往像在路灯下找钥匙的醉汉--只因那里有光亮。

　　Until some pressure isappliedto encourage him to look elsewhere, the search will oftenprovefruitless. 如果不给点压力鼓励他们去别的地方找找看，这样的寻找往往徒劳无功。

　　It is easy to see why firms mighttake a lackadaisical approach tosome research questions. 企业可能对某些研究课题无甚热情，原因不难想见。

　　Disappointing wage growth across advanced economiesis a deterrent tothe invention and use of labour-saving innovations. 发达经济体的工资增幅令人失望，阻碍了人们去发明和应用可节省劳动力的创新。

　　Persistently high rates of profit give big firmsplenty of money toploughinto fancy research labs, but also suggest that the competitive pressures which might prompt them to exploit the resulting discoveries areweak. 持续的高利润率让大公司有大量资金投入到先进的研究实验室里，但也表明它们面临的竞争压力不足，而这种压力原本可能会促使它们充分利用这些实验室的成果。

　　以上就是小编为大家介绍的关于外刊的阅读及分析。更多雅思考试流程、雅思听力话题等问题，可以咨询我们。